Download the file → Statistical Report on the Credit Structure of Financial Institutions

According to PBC statistics, as of end-2022, outstanding RMB loans issued by financial institutions increased 11.1 percent year on year to RMB213.99 trillion. This represented a rise of RMB21.31 trillion in the full year of 2022, an acceleration of RMB1.36 trillion year on year.

1. Growth of loans to enterprises and public institutions saw steady growth, with notable growth from medium and long-term loans

As of end-2022, RMB and foreign currency loans to enterprises and public institutions posted an outstanding amount of RMB139.36 trillion, increasing 13.6 percent year on year, an acceleration of 0.5 percentage points from end-Q3 2022 and 2.6 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount added RMB16.77 trillion in the full year of 2022, RMB4.63 trillion more than that of the same period last year.

By loan tenure, short-term loans and bill financing recorded an outstanding amount of RMB49.84 trillion, increasing 13 percent year on year, a deceleration of 1.5 percentage points from end-Q3 2022, while an acceleration of 6.8 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount rose RMB5.67 trillion in the full year of 2022, increasing by RMB3.11 trillion year on year. Outstanding medium and long-term (MLT) loans grew 14.5 percent year on year to RMB86.23 trillion, an acceleration of 1.8 percentage points from end-Q3 2022 and 0.5 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount increased RMB11.05 trillion in the full year of 2022, RMB1.81 trillion more than that of the same period last year.

By loan use, the outstanding amount of fixed asset loans rose 11.4 percent year on year to RMB58.37 trillion, an acceleration of 1.3 percentage points from end-2021, while the outstanding amount of business loans grew 12.7 percent year on year to RMB56.11 trillion, an acceleration of 2.9 percentage points

2. Growth of MLT industrial loans pick up notably

As of end-2022, MLT industrial loans in RMB and foreign currencies posted an outstanding amount of RMB17.06 trillion, rising 26.5 percent year on year. This surpassed the growth rate of all loans by 16.1 percentage points, an acceleration of 3.2 percentage points from end-Q3 2022 and 3.9 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount grew RMB3.61 trillion in the full year of 2022, RMB1.12 trillion more than that of 2021. Specifically, outstanding MLT loans to heavy industries registered RMB14.55 trillion, increasing 25.5 percent year on year, an acceleration of 4 percentage points from end-2021, while outstanding MLT loans to light industries reached RMB2.51 trillion, rising 32.5 percent year on year, an acceleration of 3.4 percentage points from end-2021.

As of end-2022, MLT service sector loans in RMB and foreign currencies recorded an outstanding amount of RMB55.59 trillion, rising 11.2 percent year on year, an acceleration of 0.2 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount grew RMB5.67 trillion in the full year of 2022, increasing by RMB739.2 billion year on year. Outstanding MLT real estate loans increased 4 percent year on year, an acceleration of 4.5 percentage points from end-2021.

As of end-2022, MLT infrastructure loans in RMB and foreign currencies recorded an outstanding amount of RMB32.67 trillion, rising 13 percent year on year, a deceleration of 2.3 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount grew RMB3.8 trillion in the full year of 2022, RMB19.7 billion less than that of the same period last year.

3. Loans for inclusive finance maintained faster growth

As of end-2022, RMB loans for inclusive finance posted an outstanding amount of RMB32.14 trillion, increasing 21.2 percent year on year, and surpassed the growth of all loans by 10.1 percentage points, or a deceleration of 2 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount grew RMB5.64 trillion in the full year of 2022, surpassing the increase in the same period last year by RMB625.0 billion.

As of end-2022, inclusive MSE loans recorded an outstanding amount of RMB23.8 trillion, rising 23.8 percent year on year, a deceleration of 3.5 percentage points from end-2021; the loans grew RMB4.59 trillion in the full year of 2022, increasing by RMB454.9 billion year on year. Production and business loans to rural households, guaranteed loans to start-ups and student loans recorded an outstanding amount of RMB7.83 trillion, RMB267.9 billion and RMB178.5 billion, up 14.5 percent, 14 percent and 21.6 percent year on year, respectively.

4. Green loans kept growing at a fast pace

As of end-2022, green loans 2 in RMB and foreign currencies posted an outstanding amount of RMB22.03 trillion, rising 38.5 percent year on year, an acceleration of 5.5 percentage points from end-2021. This surpassed the growth rate of all loans by 28.1 percentage points and the increase in the full year of 2022 registered RMB6.01 trillion. Specifically, loans invested in projects with direct and indirect carbon reduction benefits amounted to RMB8.62 trillion and RMB6.08 trillion respectively, together accounting for 66.7 percent of green loans.

By loan use, loans for green upgrading of infrastructure, loans to the clean energy industry and loans to the energy saving environmental protection industry posted an outstanding amount of RMB9.82 trillion, RMB5.68 trillion and RMB3.08 trillion, increasing 32.8 percent, 34.9 percent and 59.1 percent year on year, respectively. By industry, the outstanding amount of green loans extended to the supply and production of electricity, thermal power, gas and water increased 27.4 percent year on year to RMB5.62 trillion, with outstanding amount increasing by RMB1.15 trillion in the full year of 2022; while green loans extended to transport, warehousing, and postal industries recorded an outstanding amount of RMB4.58 trillion, up 10.8 percent year on year, with the outstanding amount increasing by RMB454.6 billion in the full year of 2022.

5. Growth of agro-related loans continued to rise

As of end-2022, the outstanding amount of agro-related loans in RMB and foreign currencies increased 14 percent year on year to RMB49.25 trillion, an acceleration of 3.1 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount grew RMB6.22 trillion in the full year of 2022, RMB1.65 trillion more than that of 2021.

As of end-2022, outstanding loans to rural areas (at or below the county level) rose 13.5 percent year on year to RMB41.02 trillion, an acceleration of 1.4 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount rose RMB5.03 trillion in the full year of 2022, RMB873.4 billion more than that of the same period last year. Outstanding loans to rural households increased 11.2 percent year on year to RMB14.98 trillion, a deceleration of 2.8 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount increased RMB1.56 trillion in the full year of 2022, RMB116.6 billion less than that of 2021. Outstanding loans to the agricultural sector rose 10.7 percent year on year to RMB5.06 trillion, an acceleration of 3.6 percentage points from end-2021; the growth of the outstanding amount accelerated RMB190.1 billion year on year to RMB498.8 billion in the full year of 2022.

6. Growth of real estate loan slowed down, while growth of real estate development loans picked up

As of end-2022, the outstanding amount of RMB real estate loans increased 1.5 percent year on year 3 to RMB53.16 trillion, a deceleration of 6.5 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount rose RMB721.3 billion in the full year of 2022, accounting for 3.4 percent of the total new loans in the same period.

As of end-2022, outstanding real estate development loans grew 3.7 percent year on year to RMB12.69 trillion, an acceleration of 1.5 percentage points from end-Q3 2022 and 2.8 percentage points from end-2021. Outstanding personal housing loans increased 1.2 percent year on year to RMB38.8 trillion, a deceleration of 10 percentage points from end-2021.

7. Growth of household business loans continued to rebound, and growth of household other consumption loans eased

As of end-2022, RMB and foreign currency household loans posted an outstanding amount of RMB74.94 trillion, rising 5.4 percent year on year, a deceleration of 1.8 percentage points from end-Q3 2022 and 7.1 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount increased RMB3.83 trillion in the full year of 2022, RMB4.09 trillion less than that of 2021.

As of end-2022, the outstanding amount of household business loans in RMB and foreign currencies rose 16.5 percent year on year to RMB18.9 trillion, an acceleration of 0.4 percentage points from end-Q3 2022, while a deceleration of 2.6 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount increased RMB2.68 trillion in the full year of 2022, RMB79.3 billion more than that of the same period last year. Outstanding household other consumption loans (excluding individual housing loans) grew 4.1 percent year on year to RMB17.25 trillion, a deceleration of 1.3 percentage points from end-Q3 2022 and 5.4 percentage points from end-2021; the outstanding amount increased RMB675.5 billion in the full year of 2022, RMB764.6 billion less than that of 2021.